标书翻译的方法有什么?

　　标书翻译会涉及到不同专业和不同领域的词汇和习惯用法，范围非常广泛，包括化工、医药、石油等行业，下面图书翻译公司给大家说说标书翻译的方法有什么?

　　Bid translation involves vocabulary and usage in different professions and fields. It covers a wide range of industries, including chemical industry, medicine, petroleum and so on. What are the methods of Bid Translation?

　　一、字面法

　　1. Literary Method

　　字面法即按字面直译原文。由这种译法产生的译文在选词、句法、语义及语用意义等方面均与原文基本一致。但采用字面法要有前提：原文中的语言和文化因素必须与译语基本相符。否则便会导致死译硬翻，使译文极不自然，甚至歪曲原文。

　　Literary translation means literal translation of the original text. The translation produced by this method is basically consistent with the original in terms of word selection, syntax, semantics and pragmatic meaning. However, the use of literal method must be based on the premise that the linguistic and cultural factors in the original text are basically consistent with the target language. Otherwise, it will lead to rigid translation, making the translation extremely unnatural, or even distorting the original text.

　　二、变通法

　　2. Adaptation

　　在标书翻译过程中我们往往发现，在许多情况下若照字面直译原文会感到非常别扭，有时甚至行不通。这表明此时原文所涉及的语言和文化因素与译语差异较大，不能按字面直接转换，而应作必要的变通，即翻译时应对词语和句法作些必要的改动和调整，从而使译文符合译语规范和习惯，以达到再现原文的语义和语用意义的最终目的。

　　In the process of tender translation, we often find that in many cases literal translation of the original text will feel very awkward, sometimes even impossible. This shows that the linguistic and cultural factors involved in the original text are quite different from those of the target language at this time. They can not be translated literally directly, but should be adapted as necessary. That is to say, some necessary changes and adjustments should be made to the words and syntax in translation so as to make the translation conform to the norms and habits of the target language so as to achieve the most reproduction of the semantic and pragmatic meanings of the original text. End goal.

　　三、改换法

　　3. Change Method

　　字面法和变通法系语义意义的再现手法，并且也是再现语用意义的两个基本方法。但在原语与译语之间的语言和文化因素差异甚大的情况下，要再现原文的语用意义往往逾越字面法和变通法的功能范围，这时就必须采用改换法。

　　Literary method and flexible method are two basic ways to reproduce the semantic meaning, and they are also two basic ways to reproduce the pragmatic meaning. However, in the case of great differences in linguistic and cultural factors between the source language and the target language, in order to reproduce the pragmatic meaning of the source language, it is often beyond the functional scope of literal method and accommodation method, so the method of substitution must be adopted.

中译国际翻译（北京）有限公司
China International Translation service Co., Ltd.