口译有怎样的特点?

　　口译是常用到的一种翻译形式，作为一项特殊的语言交际互动，有着自己的鲜明特点，下面北京翻译公司给大家分享一下口译的特点。

　　Interpreting is a commonly used translation form. As a special language communication interaction, it has its own distinctive characteristics.

　　现场感强。

　　Strong sense of scene.

　　这是口译比较突出的特点，它表现在两个方面，及时性和互动性。其中，及时性表现在口译的输入和输出过程都是即时的、一次性的。从输入的角度来说，发言人的讲话一般只讲一次，没有机会反复聆听。从输出的角度来说，译员也只有一次翻译的机会。虽然在某些情况下，可以通过重复、解释、补充和修正等手段对产出进行二次加工，但在大多数情况下，只有一次机会。

　　This is the more prominent characteristics of interpretation, it is manifested in two aspects, timeliness and interaction. Among them, timeliness is manifested in the process of input and output of interpretation is immediate and one-time. From an input point of view, speakers usually speak only once, without the opportunity to listen repeatedly. From the point of view of output, the interpreter has only one chance to translate. While in some cases outputs can be reprocessed through repetition, interpretation, replenishment and modification, in most cases there is only one chance.

　　而互动性则表现为口译过程中，发言人和译员必须在同一时间、同一个地点出现(在电话和视频口译中，是通过现代通讯技术实现的)，这样带来的结果之一就是发言人和译员之间存在互动。另外，译员在发言时也要考虑非语言信息对产出的影响，比如如何通过合适的身体语言传递信息。

　　Interactivity, on the other hand, involves the presence of the speaker and the interpreter at the same time and in the same place (in telephone and video interpretation, through modern communication technologies). One result of this is the interaction between the speaker and the interpreter. In addition, interpreters should also consider the effect of non-verbal information on output, such as how to transmit information through appropriate body language.

　　即席压力性。

　　Ad hoc pressure.

　　口译是一种不可能预测的即席双语传言活动。口译人员需要在准备有限的情况下，即刻进入双语语码切换状态，进行现时现场的口译操作。现场气氛压力大，特别是有的口译场面非常严肃庄重，如国际会议和外交谈判。正式场合的严肃气氛会给经验不足的译员造成较大的心理压力，紧张的情绪会影响译员的自信。

　　Interpretation is an improbable, impromptu bilingual rumour. Interpreters need to enter the state of bilingual code switching in case of limited preparation. The atmosphere is very stressful, especially some interpretation scenes are very solemn, such as international conferences and diplomatic negotiations. The serious atmosphere in the formal situation will cause great psychological pressure to the inexperienced interpreter, and the nervous mood will affect the interpreter's confidence.

　　立体综合性。

　　Three dimensional synthesis.

　　口译是一种综合运用视、听、说，读、写等知识和技能的语言操作活动。译员必须具有观察捕捉说话者的脸部表情、手势体姿、情绪变化等非语言因素的能力;能够耳听会意各种带地方口音以及不同语速的话语的能力;能用母语和外语进行流利而达意地表达能力;在口译过程中能进行快速笔记、快速理解的能力。口译属一种立体式、交叉型的信息传播方式。

　　Interpreting is a comprehensive use of visual, listening, speaking, reading, writing and other knowledge and skills of language operations. The interpreter must be able to observe and capture the speaker's facial expression, gesture posture, mood change and other non-verbal factors, and be able to listen and listen to various local accents and different speech speeds. Ability to express fluently and intensely in both native and foreign languages; ability to take notes and understand quickly in the process of interpretation. Interpretation is a kind of three-dimensional, cross-type information dissemination.

　　内容的繁杂性。

　　The complexity of the content.

　　译员的口译范围没有限界，内容可以上至天文，下及地理，无所不涉，无所不包，繁杂无限。口译的服务对象是各界人士，来自各个阶层、各行各业，有着不同的教育文化背景，在交际过程中他们会有意无意地将自己所熟悉的专业知识表达出来，这是译员无法回避的现实。译员必须是一名通晓百事的杂家。

　　There is no limit to the interpretation range of interpreters. The content can be up to astronomical, down and geographical. The target audience of interpretation is people from all walks of life, from various professions, with different educational and cultural backgrounds. In the process of communication, they will express their familiar professional knowledge intentionally or unintentionally. This is an inescapable reality for the interpreter. The interpreter must be a Pepsis-savvy family.

　　个体操作性。

　　Individual operation.

　　译员属单一的个体工作者，其劳动具有很强的独立操作性。口译需要当场、即时完成，译员通常听到的是只讲一次、不再重复的话语，他在正确理解的同时必须立即独立地进行一次性的翻译。通常译员在整个口译过程中基本上是孤立无援的，译员必须随时独立处理可能碰到的任何问题。

　　Interpreter is a single individual worker, whose labor has strong independent operation. Interpretation needs to be done on the spot and at once. What an interpreter usually hears is a speech that is spoken only once and no longer repeats. While he understands correctly, he must make a one-off translation immediately and independently at the same time. Usually the interpreter is basically alone in the whole process of interpretation. The interpreter must deal with any problems that may be encountered independently at any time.

　　跨文化交际性。

　　Intercultural communication.

　　口译作为一种跨文化交际活动，不是从原句到译句的译码，而是接收原句后必须经过信息概念转化，才能以译语表达原语的意思。口译的模式由三大块组成，左边是原语输入，右边是译语输出，中间连接左右两边的是信息概念转换。

　　As a kind of cross-cultural communication, interpreting is not the decoding from the original sentence to the translation sentence, but after receiving the original sentence, the information concept must be transformed in order to express the meaning of the original language in the target language. The mode of interpretation consists of three parts: the primitive input on the left, the output on the right, and the information conceptual transformation on the left and right in the middle.

中译国际翻译（北京）有限公司
China International Translation service Co., Ltd.