影响医学翻译质量的因素有哪些?

　　国际学术交流的越来越多，中医和西医之间的合作日益增多，医学翻译显得尤为重要，今天北京翻译公司给大家说说影响医学翻译质量的因素有哪些?

　　More and more international academic exchanges, the cooperation between the traditional Chinese medicine and the western medicine is increasing, the medical translation is more important, and today, what are the factors that affect the quality of medical translation?

　　1、医学翻译的标准

　　1. Standards for medical translation

　　翻译是按社会认知需要、在具有不同规则的符号系统之间所作的信息传递过程，是运用一种语言把另一种语言所表达的思想内容准确而又完整地再现出来的语言活动。医学英文的翻译同样脱离不了翻译的这一本质，因此其翻译标准也同其他翻译实践一样应坚持忠实和通顺的原则，即一切医学英语译文都应包含原文的思想内容，表达上要准确、完整、科学和规范，译文不得有生硬晦涩、结构混乱以及文理不同的现象。

　　Translation is a process of information transmission between symbolic systems with different rules in accordance with the needs of social cognition. It is a language activity that uses one language to accurately and completely reproduce the content of ideas expressed in another language. The translation of medical English cannot be divorced from the essence of translation, so its translation standard should be as faithful and smooth as other translation practices, that is, all medical English translations should contain the original ideological content. Be accurate, complete, scientific and normative in expression.

　　2、医学翻译中词汇的特点及处理方法

　　2. The characteristics and processing methods of Vocabulary in Medical Translation

　　医学英语词汇的特点是具有很强的专业性，词的意义严格受到所搭配的词和语境的限制，因此，在对医学英语进行翻译的过程中，必须根据语境和词语之间搭配情况，对词义和词法做出相应的转变和处理，使译文文字通顺、得体、规范。

　　Medical English vocabulary is characterized by its strong professionalism, the meaning of which is strictly limited by the collocation of words and contexts. Therefore, in the process of translating medical English, it is necessary to make use of the context and collocation between words and phrases. To make the corresponding changes and processing of word meaning and morphology to make the translated text smooth, appropriate and standardized.

　　3、医学英语句型结构特点对翻译的影响

　　(3) the influence of structural characteristics of Medical English sentence patterns on Translation

　　医学英语属于科技文体，主要表达医学科技的事实与概念，传递交流基础和临床医学的信息，[2]要求结构严谨、逻辑严密、用词精确，表达准确，又由于医学文章以叙事推理为重，强调客观性，因而，医学英语句型结构表现出了多用长句、从句和被动句的形式特点。大量从句和被动句的使用使得医学英语的句子意义往往不能仅从其外形结构做出判断，从句中连词、关系词的连接、指代关系以及被动句中主语与谓语之间的表达方式都成为了影响医学英语翻译的重要因素。

　　Medical English belongs to the style of science and technology. It mainly expresses the facts and concepts of medical science and technology, conveys the information of basic communication and clinical medicine. [2] it requires strict structure, strict logic, precise words and accurate expression. Because of the emphasis on narrative reasoning and objectivity in medical articles, the structure of medical English sentence patterns shows the formal characteristics of multipurpose long sentences, clauses and passive sentences. With the use of a large number of clauses and passive sentences, the meaning of medical English sentences can not be judged only by their appearance and structure, and the connection of conjunctions and relational words in clauses, The anaphoric relation and the expression between the subject and the predicate in the passive sentence have become the influence of medicine. Important factors in learning English translation.

　　4、长句、难句对翻译的影响及处理

　　The influence and treatment of long, long and difficult sentences on Translation

　　医学英语的思想内容决定了其表现形式无法被简单的句子结构所容纳，必须借助长句、从句，有时甚至是较多的从句嵌套才能完成意义的构建。句子结构的复杂性给翻译理解带来了较多的障碍和困难，因为译者不仅要看懂句子的外形结构，还要能理解其深层结构的逻辑关系，才能准确地把握语义。

　　The ideological content of medical English determines that its expressive form cannot be accommodated by simple sentence structure, and it must be nested with long sentences, clauses and sometimes more clauses in order to complete the construction of meaning. The complexity of sentence structure brings many obstacles and difficulties to the translation comprehension, because the translator should not only understand the external structure of the sentence, but also understand the logic relation of its deep structure in order to grasp the semantics accurately.

　　5、结束语

　　Conclusion

　　医学英语作为一种科技文体，其遣词造句、语法结构等有着自身的特点和规律，语言文字的表达也具有较强的专业性，因而医学英语的翻译难度较普通英语大得多，译者不仅需要拥有扎实的英语基础知识，还要具备相关的医学背景知识。对于医科院校的学生来说，他们已具备了一定水平的医学知识，而受影响的主要是没能掌握好医学英语的语言特点。因此，本文仅从医学英语的词、句特点入手，就这两方面对翻译造成的影响进行了分析，并提出了相应的处理方法。

　　As a kind of science and technology style, medical English has its own characteristics and rules, and the expression of language is also professional, so the translation difficulty of medical English is much larger than that of ordinary English. The translator needs not only a solid foundation of English, but also relevant medical background knowledge. For students in medical colleges, they have a certain level of medical knowledge, and the main influence is not to master the language characteristics of the medical English. Therefore, this paper analyzes the influence of the two aspects on the translation from the word and the characteristics of the medical English, and puts forward the phase. Methods to be dealt with.

中译国际翻译（北京）有限公司
China International Translation service Co., Ltd.