在口译中如果出现错误怎样巧妙躲避?

　　现在国际合作非常多，很多场合都需要口译翻译员。口译翻译员即使提前做好充分的准备，在现场也无法避免意外的出现，今天北京翻译公司给大家说说在口译中如果出现错误怎样巧妙躲避?

　　There is so much international cooperation now that interpreters are required on many occasions. Even if interpreters are fully prepared in advance, they will not be able to avoid accidents at the scene. Today, the Beijing Translation Company told us how to avoid mistakes in interpreting.

　　1、没听清、听漏了或者没听懂

　　I can't hear you. I missed or didn't understand.

　　由于口译现场环境、讲话人语速、语音等因素，或者是由于译者在译前准备上有所疏漏、在现场一时疲惫分神的原因，就会出现这样的情况了。首先，你要分清楚这部分的内容是否足够重要、是否会影响对其他部分内容的理解，如果是次要内容，并不影响大局，可以省略不译或着直接采取模糊处理的办法。

　　This will happen because of the environment of the interpretation scene, the speaker's speaking speed, the pronunciation and so on, or because of the translator's omission in the preparation before translation, and the temporary exhaustion and distraction of the translator at the scene. First of all, you have to distinguish whether the content of this section is important enough, whether it will affect the understanding of the other parts, if it is a minor content, it does not affect the overall situation, you can omit the translation or take a direct approach to ambiguity.

　　如果是关乎全文的关键性的内容，就必须要认真对待了，这时候你就需要一些口译技巧来帮忙了。在相对宽松的环境下，如果方便得体，最好立刻询问讲话人，或者请教现场的相关专家，不能硬着头皮往下进行翻译，造成误解，会影响会谈和交流;如果是非常正式的场合或者大会发言，只能先用比较中性或模糊的话过渡，然后集中注意力，恃机调整补救。

　　If it is critical to the text, it must be taken seriously, and you need some interpretation skills to help. In a relatively loose environment, if convenient and appropriate, it is best to immediately ask the speaker, or consult the relevant experts on the scene, can not be forced to head down to translate, resulting in misunderstanding, will affect the talks and exchanges; If it is a very formal occasion or a conference address, you can only use neutral or vague words to transition, and then focus on the machine to adjust the remedy.

　　2、错译

　　2, wrong translation

　　最优秀的译员在现场口译中也难免出错。认识到自己译错了以后，不要惊慌，也不要说“对不起，我译错了”或者I’m sorry. I made a mistake. 这样不仅会让听众产生理解混乱，还会损害译员和译文的可信度。好的口译技巧可以帮你顺利通过难关。这时的你可以重译，并且对正确的译文采取重音重复的办法，就像平时说话要强调某事一样。或者以解释的语气和方式，用I mean, … 或“就是说”、“确切地说”引出正确的译文。

　　The best interpreters also make mistakes in field interpretation. Don't panic or say "I'm sorry, I'm wrong" or "I'm sorry" or "I'm sorry." I made a mistake. This will not only create confusion for the audience, but also undermine the credibility of interpreters and translations. Good interpreting skills can help you get through. You can retranslate and repeat the correct translation as if you were talking about something. Or in an explanatory tone and manner, using I mean,. Or "that's it," exactly. " The correct translation is elicited.

　　3、不会译

　　Three, no translation.

　　不会译是由于两种原因造成的，它的口译技巧也有两种。一是没听懂，此时可以按本文的第一种情况处理;二是听懂了，却一时找不到恰当的表达，此时可先直译，再按自己的理解进行解释，虽然译文难免生涩，原文韵味丧失殆尽，但不会造成误解，也不会影响交流的进程。口译中遇到习语、典故、诗词、幽默或专有名词时，如果没有充分的准备或事前不了解讲话内容，一时就很难在目标语言中找到对应的表达。此时要力争译出原文的大意，传达出讲话人的主旨，并且使交流顺利地进行下去，哪怕译文欠妥也无伤大雅。译专有名词时，如果拿不准，还可以在译文后重复原文，听众中的专业人士很可能立刻就清楚了。

　　There are two kinds of interpreting skills. First, not understand, this time can be dealt with the first case of this article; The second is to understand, but for a while can not find the appropriate expression, this time can first literal translation, and then according to their own understanding of the interpretation, although the translation will inevitably be astringent, the original flavor is lost, but will not cause misunderstanding, will not affect the process of communication. When we encounter idioms, allusions, poems, humor or proper nouns in interpreting, it is difficult to find corresponding expressions in the target language without adequate preparation or prior understanding of the speech. At this point, we should strive to translate the main idea of the original text and convey The keynote of the speaker, and the smooth flow of communication, even if the translation is not very good. Translation of proper nouns, if uncertain, can be repeated after the translation, the audience of professionals are likely to be immediately clear.

　　4、讲话人说错

　　4. The speaker was wrong

　　口译中也可能遇到讲话人说错的情况，好的口译技巧可以让你避免尴尬。如果有违事实、史实或常识的错误，或者是讲话人口误，译员意识到了这个错误，并且能改正，应该在译文中予以纠正。如果译员怀疑讲话人说错，却又不能肯定，在方便的情况下，应向讲话人确认;在大型会议场合中，应按原文翻译。

　　The speaker may also be wrong in interpreting, and good interpreting skills can help you avoid embarrassment. If there is a fact, historical or common sense error, or a speaker's slip of tongue, the interpreter is aware of the error and can correct it, which should be corrected in the translation. If the interpreter suspects that the speaker is wrong, but is not sure, confirm it to the speaker in case of convenience; in the event of a large meeting, translate it in the original language.

　　5、讲话人逻辑混乱

　　5. The speaker's logic is confused

　　口译常常译的是即席讲话或发言，而人们在即席口头表达中，由于思维和语言水平的限制，经常会出现不必要的重复、拖沓、语言模糊，或者断句、层次不清、逻辑关系混乱等现象，这给译员造成了很大困难，译员要有想到精妙的口译技巧来解决这个难题。要善于对原文进行梳理，分清逻辑层次，迅速抓住主次，对于啰嗦重复的部分，应删繁就简、同义合并;对于逻辑不清的部分，要尽量理出层次和头绪，并在译文中体现出来;对于断句或语意不完整的部分，应首先进行句法转换，并加以补充，力求完整，另外，如果下文接着说或继续相关内容，则应该在下文的翻译中，做到与此句相呼应，体现上下文的关联性和逻辑关系。

　　Interpretation often translates impromptu speeches or speeches, and in impromptu oral expressions, people often appear unnecessary repetition, procrastination, vagueness of language, or indistinct sentences, due to limitations of thinking and language proficiency. The confusion of logic causes great difficulties for the interpreter, and the interpreter must have the ingenious interpretation skills to solve the problem. We should be good at sorting out the original text, distinguish the logical level, quickly grasp the primary and secondary parts, for the long-winded and repetitive parts, we should delete and simplify them, merge them with the same meaning, and try our best to sort out the layers and threads of the parts with unclear logic, and reflect them in the translation. There is no end to a broken sentence or meaning The entire part should first be syntactic transformed and supplemented with a view to its completeness, and, if the following continues or continues, the sentence should be echoed in the translation below. Reflect the relevance and logical relationship of context.

　　6、讲话人语言不得体

　　6. The speaker's language is not appropriate

　　由于英汉两种语言的文化背景迥异，思维和表达方式上差异很大，双语交流时难免有文化的冲突，汉语中的一个问候译成英语可能就变成无理的冒犯;而英语的一句赞扬译成中文也许会令人尴尬。译员应掌握两种文化背景知识，提高敏感度，在讲话人言语不得体的时候，要灵活处理，或者略去不译、或者淡化、或者变通，避免误解，使交流能顺利进行，这也是最常用的口译技巧。

　　Because the cultural background of English and Chinese is very different, the thinking and expression of English and Chinese are very different, it is inevitable that there is a cultural conflict in bilingual communication, and a greeting in Chinese may become an unjustifiable affront into English; A compliment in English may be embarrassing to translate into Chinese. Interpreters should have two cultural backgrounds, be more sensitive, and be flexible when the speaker's speech is inappropriate, either by omitting translation, or by downplaying, or by adapting to avoid misunderstanding, so that communication can proceed smoothly. This is also the most commonly used interpretation technique.

中译国际翻译（北京）有限公司
China International Translation service Co., Ltd.