怎样提高口译翻译的速度？

　　在一些重要的场合，口译的翻译速度非常重要，口译翻译速度的提高依赖平时口译速度技巧的训练。今天北京翻译公司给大家推荐一下提高口译翻译速度的方法，希望可以帮到大家。
　　On some important occasions, the speed of interpreting is very important. Today, the Beijing Translation Company recommends ways to improve the speed of interpretation. I hope it can help you.

　　1.需集中精力听懂原文的意思
　　1. Need to concentrate on understanding the meaning of the original text

　　口译首先得听懂原文的意思。听懂原文的意思是做好翻译的第一步。根据不同的题材应该采取不同的听力方法。若是新闻或快速朗读的原文应抓住每句话或每段话的重要意思，不要计较个别字词的意思。
　　An interpreter must first understand the meaning of the original text. To understand the meaning of the original is the first step in doing a good translation. Different listening methods should be adopted according to different subjects. If the news or the quick reading of the original text should grasp the important meaning of every sentence or paragraph, do not worry about the meaning of individual words.
　　而在新闻发布会或在法庭上口译时则要仔细听懂每句话的意思。因为在这些场合每句话都是有非常重要的意义，一旦听错信息，口译便会失去意义。译员应该在翻译是集中精力，切忌翻译时精力分散而丢漏翻译内容。
　　When interpreting in a press conference or in court, you have to carefully understand the meaning of each sentence. Because every sentence has a very important meaning in these situations, if you hear the wrong message, the interpretation will lose its meaning. An interpreter should concentrate on translation and avoid distracting and omitting translation.
　　而为了提高译员的听力获取信息的速度，译员平时应训练听力的速度，在口译中，翻译的记忆力表现在两个方面：
　　In order to improve the speed of information acquisition, interpreters should train the speed of listening. In interpreting, the memory of translation is shown in two aspects:
　　1)是必须记住大量的词汇，以便口译时能脱口而出。这一点主要涉及到长时记忆。
　　1) A large number of words must be remembered so that they can be blurted out in interpretation. This is mainly about long-term memory.
　　2)是必须在短时间内把别人在一段时间内讲的话尽可能详细地表述出来。这一点属于短时记忆的范畴。
　　2) it is necessary to express in as much detail as possible what others say in a short period of time. This point belongs to the category of short-term memory.

　　2.做好口译笔记是关键
　　2. Making good interpretation Notes is the key

　　在口译过程中，由于时间是紧迫的，对译员的记忆表达能力要求相当高，为了保证质量的翻译效果，笔记是一个有效的提高速度的技巧。
　　In the process of interpreting, due to the time is tight, the ability of memory and expression is very high. In order to ensure the quality of translation, note taking is an effective technique to improve the speed of translation.
　　笔记有利于帮助记忆，有的翻译信息内容复杂繁冗，数字较多，专有名词述语，如果不记笔记，译员难以储存所有的信息在头脑中，最后会导致翻译的信息不完整，不准确。
　　Notes are helpful to memory. Some translation information is complicated and complicated, with many numbers and proper nouns. If not taking notes, it is difficult for the interpreter to store all the information in his head, which will lead to incomplete and inaccurate translation information.
　　口译笔记不同于课堂笔记或会议记录。在时效性方面，口译笔记只供译员现场翻译使用，而课堂笔记或会议记录则需要保留较长时间。
　　Interpretation notes are different from class notes or meeting notes. In terms of timeliness, interpretation notes are only used by interpreters for on-site translation, while classroom notes or meeting notes need to be kept for a longer period of time.
　　在做口译笔记时应该保持简洁，条理清晰的原则。做笔记就是译员在专心听取发言，理解发言的同时，把讲话的重要信息(包括讲话的主题，要点，涉及的日期，地名，人命等)用简单的文字和符号记录下来的过程。
　　The principles of simplicity and clarity should be maintained when taking interpretation notes. Taking notes is the process by which the interpreter attentively listens to and understands the speech, while recording the important information of the speech (including the subject, main points, dates involved, place names, human life, etc.) in simple words and symbols.
　　口译笔记中有些是固定的符号和文字能被各种语言所接受，而成为通用的口译笔记“语言”。
　　Some of the interpreting notes are fixed symbols and characters which can be accepted by various languages and become the common "language" of interpreting notes.
　　其中包括：英文的缩写和简单的汉字，标点符号，数学符号，英语缩略语，箭号，数字，划线(表示强调或否定)等等，有时甚至可以划些简单的图形。口译笔记宜用硬壳的一只手拿的笔记本记录，忌用单张的易弯曲的叠纸进行笔记。
　　These include: English abbreviations and simple Chinese characters, punctuation marks, mathematical symbols, English abbreviations, arrows, numbers, underlined lines (emphasis or negation), and sometimes even simple graphics. Note notes should be recorded in a hard case notebook with a hand, not with a sheet of flexible folded paper for notes.

　　3.可对翻译内容进行预测
　　3. Can predict the content of translation

　　为了提高翻译的速度让译员及时表达出翻译的内容，译员可以通过对翻译的内容的预测首先要求译员对翻译的场合有所了解，应该了解翻译的背景知识。
　　In order to improve the speed of translation so that the interpreter can express the content of translation in time, the interpreter can first ask the interpreter to have some knowledge of the situation of translation through the prediction of the content of translation, and should know the background knowledge of translation.
　　在进行口译时，就可以根据口译根据会议的主题进行预测在很多时候预测是因为句子过长，不能及时听到整句话的意思，在这个时候，我们应该进行断句，或者根据句首猜测整句话的意思。
　　In interpreting, we can make predictions based on the topic of the meeting. In many cases, the prediction is because the sentence is too long to hear the whole sentence in time. At this time, we should break the sentence. Or guess the meaning of the whole sentence according to the beginning of the sentence.

　　4.需掌握口译表达技巧
　　4. Need to master the skills of interpretation and expression

　　口译表达是口译的最后一个环节，它直接影响着说话方和听话方之间的交流，也会影响到交际双方对译员的信任程度。译员应当摆脱原文本身的束缚，将源语的词语和意思分离。最重要的是让口译员如实地表达原文的意思。
　　The expression of interpretation is the last link in interpreting, which directly affects the communication between the speaker and the listener, and also affects the degree of trust between the speaker and the interpreter. The interpreter should get rid of the bondage of the original text and separate the words and meanings of the source language. The most important thing is to have the interpreter express the meaning of the original text truthfully.
　　另外，译员可能在表达过程中可能碰到一些具体的问题，译员可以运用其它的口译技巧，如询问，重复或者根据自己的理解运用迂回的表达源语含义等等，尽量表达理解了的内容，而且强调表达的内在逻辑和关联性，可懂程度和准确度以及流畅性。
　　In addition, the interpreter may encounter some specific problems in the process of expression. The interpreter may use other interpreting techniques, such as questioning, repetition or the use of circuitous meaning of the source language according to his own understanding, and so on. Try to express what you understand, and emphasize the inner logic and relevance, comprehensibility and accuracy, and fluency.

　　5.利用身势语帮助口译
　　5. Using body language to help interpretation

　　口译是一个现场进行的翻译活动，有时仅仅口头表达是不够的，而必须借助外界条件来帮助表达翻译的内容。在翻译有感情色彩的文体时，译者也可以用相应的身势语言来表现。
　　Interpretation is a live translation activity, sometimes it is not enough to express orally, but must help to express the content of translation with the help of external conditions. In the translation of sentimental style, the translator can also use the corresponding body language to express it.